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美国犹他州东南部 Paradox 盆地的地震资料显示出振幅异常与宾夕法尼亚系藻类小丘储油层的存在有关。帕特森和南锡油田的试验测线表明振幅衰减与储油层小丘对应。振幅衰减是由丘内蒸发岩相向碳酸盐岩藻类小丘相横向变化所致。小丘相中的孔隙度加剧了振幅的衰减,但与横向的岩性变化相比,孔隙度的影响还是较小。在宾夕法尼亚构造运动时期,基底断层的重新活动可能控制了这些小丘的位置。
Seismic data from the Paradox Basin, southeastern Utah, USA, show that amplitude anomalies are related to the presence of Pennine-type algal hilly reservoirs. Experimental measurements at Patterson and Nancy Oilfields show that amplitude attenuation corresponds to reservoir humps. The amplitude attenuation is caused by the lateral variation of the evaporite facies in the hilly facies to the carbonate algal hilly facies. The porosity in the mound facies aggravates the amplitude attenuation, but the effect of porosity is smaller than that of lateral lithology. During the Pennsylvania tectonic movement, the reactivation of basaltic faults may have dominated the location of these hills.