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当IBM发布基于Intel 8088的PC时,Apple在广告上大度地欢迎IBM进入这个市场,不料后来它却看到IBM PC盖过了Apple H。1984年,也就是Motorola发布MC68020的同一年,Apple公司基于MC68000的Macintosh以一种不同寻常的商业方式登场亮相:为了获得大的市场份额,Macintosh在超级杯联赛电视广播中大出风头。Macintosh的支持使Apple在个人计算机市场上的销售份额保持在14％左右,然后从90年代初期开始萎缩。 开放标准对封闭标准 IBM和Apple在追求市场份额时采取了两种截然不同的策略,IBM喜欢开放标准,而Apple崇尚专有权。通常认为,IBM并非是有意识地让市场逃脱自己的控制。几乎从一开始,基于x86的PC就是开放标准。数百个厂家生产x86的PC。而另一方面,Apple一直牢牢控制着Macintosh的硬件规范、BIOS和操作系统。直到最近,Apple
When IBM released an Intel 8088-based PC, Apple welcomed the company to this market with advertising, only to see that it later overshadowed the Apple PC. In 1984, the same year Motorola introduced the MC68020, Apple Inc.’s Macintosh based on the Macintosh MC68000 debuted in an unusual business: In order to gain a large market share, the Macintosh made a big splash in the Super League television. Macintosh support kept Apple’s share of the personal computer market at around 14% and began to shrink from the early 1990s. Open standards to closed standards IBM and Apple in the pursuit of market share has taken two very different strategies, IBM likes open standards, and Apple advocates exclusive rights. It is generally assumed that IBM did not consciously allow the market to escape its own control. Almost from the beginning, x86-based PCs are open standards. Hundreds of manufacturers produce x86 PCs. Apple, on the other hand, has tight control over Macintosh hardware specifications, BIOS and operating system. Until recently, Apple