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产业集群层次低,竞争优势难持久从集群的整体水平上看,我国绝大部分产业集群尚未发育成熟。主要表现在,集群企业的竞争优势大多建立在低成本、低价格,特别是劳动力成本低廉的基础上;个体、家庭企业小生产管理方式占有相当大的比重,不仅工艺设备普遍较为落后,而且技术熟练工人匮乏、技术水平不高,产品“低质跑量”比重大。纺织服装业是我国产业集群发展最早且最突出的行业之一,也是我国最具出口竞争优势的行业,但多年来在国际市场上一直以低价和数量取胜,纺织服装集群大多数以生产中低档产品为主,尽管目前有部分集群开始向高端发展,但迄今还没有出现像法国巴黎那样的高级时装集群或意大利那样的高级成衣集群。
Low level of industrial clusters, difficult to sustain competitive advantage From the overall level of the cluster point of view, the vast majority of China’s industrial clusters have not yet mature. Mainly manifested in that the competitive advantages of cluster enterprises are mostly based on low cost and low price, especially on the basis of low labor cost. Small-scale production and management methods of individuals and home-based enterprises occupy a large proportion. Not only are the process equipment generally backward, but also the technology Lack of skilled workers, technical level is not high, the product “low-quality run” a large proportion. Textile and garment industry is one of the earliest and most prominent industries in the development of China’s industrial clusters. It is also the most export-competitive industry in China. However, over the years, the textile and apparel industry has won at a low price and quantity. Most of the textile and clothing clusters are under production Low-end products, although some clusters begin to develop to the high end, so far there is no such as Paris, France, such as high-fashion fashion clusters or high-class clothing such as Italy cluster.