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近年来,对盾构工程研究开发了一套使用激光和陀螺仪的自动化测量系统。不过,多数系统都是以大口径盾构工程为对象研制开发的。本文所介绍的测量系统则是为了解决随着盾构工程口径变小而产生的检测装置安装空间和环境适应性等问题,可适用于口径4m以下的中小口径盾构工程及顶进工程。本系统利用设置在后方管片衬砌上的检测装置,可以遥测安装在盾构上的小型靶标,即时掌握盾构的位置及姿态。该系统主要由三部分组成,即①靶标,包括形成三角形的三个发光二极管和反射棱镜;②检测装置,就是在电子测量仪上安装了电视摄像机;③计测演算装置,有图像处理装置及微机。盾构掘进机的位置和姿态可以依据电视摄像机摄得的三个发光二极管相互位置关系的值,及电子测量仪测出的距离、角度来决定。本系统至今已成功地用于7处施工现场。
In recent years, a set of automated measurement systems using laser and gyroscopes has been developed for shield engineering. However, most systems are developed for large bore shield projects. The measurement system introduced in this paper is to solve the problems such as installation space and environmental adaptability of the detection device resulting from the smaller bore diameter of the shield engineering and can be applied to the medium and small diameter shield projects and jacking projects with a diameter of 4m or less. The system uses the detection device set on the back of the pipe lining, you can telemetry installed in the shield on a small target, to immediately grasp the location and posture of the shield. The system is mainly composed of three parts, namely: ① target, including the formation of the triangle of the three light-emitting diodes and reflective prism; ② detection device that is installed in the electronic measuring instrument TV camera; ③ measurement and calculation device, an image processing device and Microcomputer. The position and attitude of the shield boring machine can be determined according to the values of the three LED positions obtained by the television camera and the distance and angle measured by the electronic measuring instrument. The system has been successfully used in seven construction sites to date.