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胃食管反流为常见疾病,通常预后良好。但不论患者年龄大小,都应警惕其症状和并发症情况。因为该病需给予迅速有效的处理,但临床上却难以认别。关于胃食管反流症,尚有诸多疑难问题,在自然病程及临床表现中,可偶然遇到。反流的严重程度与并发症相关,与反流次数关系不大。利用H2受体拮抗药和质子泵抑制剂进行治疗,可有效地控制症状并治疗食管炎,质子泵抑制剂的疗效相对更好些。对成人轻微反流患者进行早期治疗,能否降低并发症发病率及其严重程度以及能否控制症状,目前尚不确定。目前认为,肠上皮异位症也可导致类似反流的症状。反复发作的胃食管反流会影响患儿生活质量,儿科医师应加以充分考虑。结论:未来研究必须明确如下问题:①反流症的发病率;②儿童易患人群; ③为什么一些反流症患儿发展成慢性持续性疾病,而另一些则没有。
Gastroesophageal reflux is a common disease, usually with a good prognosis. But regardless of the patient’s age, they should be wary of their symptoms and complications. Because the disease to be given prompt and effective treatment, but clinically difficult to identify. On gastroesophageal reflux disease, there are many difficult problems in the natural history and clinical manifestations, may be encountered by chance. The severity of reflux is associated with complications and has little to do with the frequency of reflux. The use of H2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors for treatment can effectively control the symptoms and treat esophagitis, proton pump inhibitors, the effect is relatively better. Early treatment of mild reflux in adults can reduce the morbidity and severity of complications and whether it can control the symptoms, is currently uncertain. It is currently believed that gut epithelialism can also cause reflux-like symptoms. Recurrent gastroesophageal reflux will affect the quality of life in children, pediatricians should be fully considered. CONCLUSIONS: Future studies must address the following questions: (1) the incidence of reflux disease; (2) susceptibility to childhood; and (3) why some children with reflux syndrome develop chronic persistent disease while others do not.