在《医学遗传学基础知识与遗传病概况》一讲中,对基因已作了初步的介绍。基因是指存在于细胞内有自体繁殖能力的遗传单位,从分子水平上看,基因就是具有特定的核苷酸顺序的DNA区段。突变是指基因的结构改变,也可以说是细胞内DNA分子链上某一段由于某种原因所引起的分子结构的变化,由此可引起形态上或/和生理上可遗 In the “basic knowledge of medical genetics and genetic disease,” a talk about the gene has been initially introduced. Genes refer to the genetic units that exist within cells for their ability to reproduce themselves. At the molecular level, a gene is a segment of DNA that has a specific nucleotide sequence. Mutation refers to the structural change of a gene, which can also be said to be a change in the molecular structure of a certain segment of the DNA molecular chain in the cell, which can cause morphological and / or physiological tolerance