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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the underlying mechanism of Bailian (Radix Ampelopsis Japonicae,BL) extract action on colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS:We explored the involvement of β-catenin signaling on the anti-CRC effects of an BL ethanolic extract (BLE) in cell models by using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay,immunofluorescent staining,luciferase assay,West blot analysis and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis.Anti-CRC compounds were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography.RESULTS:The contents of gallic acid,catechin,and epicatechin in the BLE were 0.23,1.25,and 0.18 g/kg,respectively.BLE-mediated cytotoxic and apoptotic effects were accompanied by lowered β-catenin/Tcf transcriptional activity,reduced β-catenin nuclear localization,and downregulated protein and mRNA levels of both β-catenin and molecules regulated by β-catenin.CONCLUSION:The mechanism underpinning the anti-CRC effects of BLE may involve inhibition of β-catenin signaling.Further studies are necessary to establish the role of β-catenin signaling in the action of BLE-mediated anti-CRC effects.