“自发”语态是日语动词句的语态(ヴォィス)之一。在日语语态体系中,它虽不如“被动”“可能”“使役”等语态那么引入注目,但在古今日语中不乏其例,被认为是典型地反映日语的民族特点的语法现象。本文拟从下列三个方面对现代日语的“自发”语态作初步探讨。 “Spontaneous” voice is one of the modalities of Japanese verb sentences. Although not as compelling as the “passive”, “probable” or “active” states in the Japanese language system, its examples in ancient and modern Japanese are considered to be grammatical phenomena that typically reflect the national characteristics of Japanese. This article intends to discuss the “spontaneous” voice of modern Japanese from the following three aspects.