本研究通过对短时记忆的编码或提取阶段进行注意分散来探讨范畴群集的定位问题。以大学生为被试，应用双作业进行分散注意条件下的记忆实验，并与集中注意条件下的记忆实验进行比较。识记材料均为双范畴词表。结果表现无论在编码还是提取阶段分散注意，都导致范畴群集程度的降低。实验结果不支持认为范畴群集的组织过程仅仅发生在记忆信息加工的某一个阶段的看法，而有利于双重定位观点，即认为范畴群集既与编码阶段有关，也与提取阶段有关。 This study explored the localization of category clusters by focusing on the encoding or extraction of short-term memory. Taking college students as subjects, double experiments were used to test memory under distracting conditions and compared with memory experiments under concentrated attention. Listening materials are two-category vocabularies. The results show that both the coding and the extraction phase distract each other, resulting in the reduction of the extent of the clustering. The experimental results do not support the view that the process of organization of category clusters only takes place at a certain stage of processing of memory information, which is conducive to the dual positioning of viewpoints. That is, category clusters are considered to be related both to the coding stage and to the extraction stage.