[目的]了解南京市居民对食物与健康知识的认知、态度与行为(KAP)现状,为在居民中开展食物与健康知识宣教干预性研究提供科学依据。[方法]采用自制的居民食物与健康KAP调查问卷,对4280名居民进行问卷调查。问卷采用匿名方式填写,当场收回。[结果]南京市居民食物与健康知识总体知晓率为41.6%;广播电视是居民获取食物与健康信息的主要渠道;86.5%的居民希望获得食物与健康方面的知识;被访者文化程度越高,食物与健康知识知晓率越高。[结论]居民食物与健康知识整体水平较低。获取相关知识的态度较为积极。在食物与健康知识和行为习惯方面,需要对居民进行宣教干预,使他们获得更多的食物与健康知识,改变不良的行为习惯。 [Objective] To understand the status quo, cognition, attitudes and behavior (KAP) of residents in Nanjing on food and health knowledge and to provide a scientific basis for conducting intervention research on food and health knowledge among residents. [Method] With self-made KAP questionnaire of residents’ food and health, 4280 residents were surveyed. The questionnaire was filled out anonymously and recalled on the spot. [Results] The general awareness rate of residents’ food and health knowledge in Nanjing was 41.6%. Radio and television was the main channel for residents to obtain food and health information. 86.5% of the residents wanted food and health knowledge. The higher the education level of respondents , The higher the awareness of food and health knowledge. [Conclusion] The overall level of residents’ food and health knowledge is low. Get the relevant knowledge of the attitude is more positive. In the area of ​​food and health knowledge and behavioral habits, there is a need for missionary interventions for residents, giving them more food and health knowledge and changing bad habits.