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综述了近年来在先进点火方法和系统方面的快速进展。介绍了发动机点火的基本物理原理(它决定了点火系统的改进方向)和相关发动机以及容弹的实验结果,主要包括:高能量火花放电点火﹑高压脉冲放电点火﹑射频等离子体点火﹑激光点火。根据大量研究报道以及本文作者的实验研究结果 ,对多种点火系统的效果及应用挑战做出综合评价。结论为:未来清洁燃烧内燃机趋向于采用稀释工质低温燃烧策略,以提高汽车发动机燃油经济性并降低排放。先进缸内混合气控制手段包括:降低工质活性﹑非均匀分布以及增强气流等,然而所有这些手段也会增加发动机着火控制的难度。先进的高能量点火系统能够用来改善未来高效清洁发动机的点火控制。
The rapid progress in advanced ignition methods and systems in recent years is reviewed. The basic physics of engine ignition (which determines the direction of improvement of the ignition system) and the experimental results of the related engines and the bomb are introduced. High energy spark ignition, high voltage pulse discharge ignition, RF plasma ignition and laser ignition are introduced. According to a large number of research reports and the author’s experimental results, a comprehensive evaluation of the effects and application challenges of various ignition systems is made. The conclusion is that the future clean combustion internal combustion engine tends to adopt the low temperature combustion strategy of diluted working medium to improve the fuel economy and reduce the emission of automobile engines. Advanced in-cylinder air-to-air control measures include: Reduced active, non-uniform distribution, and enhanced airflow, all of which can increase engine-fire control difficulty. Advanced high-energy ignition systems can be used to improve the ignition control of highly efficient clean engines in the future.