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政策性农业保险提供的保费补贴会改变农民从事农业生产的期望收益,进而会影响农民的农业生产决策,最终对农村环境造成影响。根据国内外现有相关研究,本文将政策性农业保险的环境效应划分为三个维度:一是由农业保险引致的农业生产结构调整造成的环境污染结构效应;二是由农业保险引致的农业生产规模扩张造成的环境污染规模效应;三是由农业保险引致的农业生产技术进步造成的环境污染技术效应。中国政策性农业保险的发展应该充分考虑财政补贴的环境效应问题,通过不断优化农业保险覆盖结构、保障水平和保费补贴比例,诱使农民采用环保型的农业生产方式和生产技术,使农业保险真正实现维护粮食安全和保护农村环境的和谐统一。
The premium subsidy provided by policy-based agricultural insurance will change the expected income of farmers engaged in agricultural production, which in turn will affect farmers’ decision-making in agricultural production and ultimately affect the rural environment. According to the existing related researches at home and abroad, this paper divides the environmental effects of policy-based agricultural insurance into three dimensions: one is the structural effect of environmental pollution caused by the adjustment of agricultural production structure caused by agricultural insurance; the other is the agricultural production caused by agricultural insurance The scale of environmental pollution caused by the expansion of scale effects; third is caused by agricultural insurance agricultural production technology advances caused by environmental pollution technical effects. The development of China’s policy-oriented agricultural insurance should give full consideration to the environmental effect of financial subsidies. By continuously optimizing the coverage structure of agricultural insurance, guaranteeing the level and the proportion of premium subsidies, and inducing farmers to adopt environmentally friendly forms of agricultural production and production technologies, the realities of agricultural insurance Achieve the maintenance of food security and the protection of rural environment, harmony and unity.