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目的了解医院感染鲍曼不动杆菌临床分布特点及其耐药现状,指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法采用细菌学检验和药敏试验方法,对某医院2010年7月-2011年7月住院患者标本进行检测与药敏试验结果分析。结果该医院在连续12个月内从住院患者临床标本中共检出51株鲍曼不动杆菌,检出数居前3位的科室分别是重症监护室占43.1%,脑科中心占27.4%,呼吸内科占11.8%;其次是内分泌科和骨科。检出的鲍曼不动杆菌有80.4%来自痰标本,其次是导管和伤口分泌物标本。鲍曼不动杆菌对临床常用的头孢噻肟、哌拉西林和复方新诺明等耐药率均超过50%;只对多粘菌素B、亚胺培南等几种抗菌药物敏感率在80%以上。结论临床分离的鲍曼不动杆菌对临床常用抗菌药物不同程度耐药,多重耐药菌比例增加。
Objective To understand the clinical characteristics and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii infection in hospitals and to guide the rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinic. Methods Bacteriological tests and susceptibility testing methods were used to analyze the results of inpatients’ tests and susceptibility tests from July 2010 to July 2011 in a hospital. Results A total of 51 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were detected in clinical samples of inpatients within 12 consecutive months. The departments with the top three were 43.1% of intensive care units, 27.4% of brain centers, Respiratory medicine accounted for 11.8%; followed by the Department of Endocrinology and orthopedics. Acinetobacter baumannii was detected in 80.4% from sputum samples, followed by catheters and wound secretions specimens. Acinetobacter baumannii clinical commonly used cefotaxime, piperacillin and cotrimoxazole resistance rates were more than 50%; only polymyxin B, imipenem and other antimicrobial susceptibility in the 80% or more. Conclusion Acinetobacter baumannii is clinically resistant to commonly used antibiotics, and the proportion of multi-resistant bacteria is increased.