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有限元数值模拟技术应用于金属材料的加工过程，给深入研究金属成形过程提供了有力的理论工具，但其精确程度与材料本构方程的精确描述有极大的关系．材料的本构方程是描述材料成形信息的数学模型，它反映了材料的流动应力与变形程度、变形速率、变形温度的关系．因此，通过实验获取材料的本构方程是有限元数值模拟首要解决的问题．本文针对刚粘塑性材料提出了本构方程的数学模型，并在实验的基础上给出了纯铝（Ｌ２）材料的本构方程的具体形式
Finite element numerical simulation technology is applied to the processing of metal materials, which provides a powerful theoretical tool for further research on the metal forming process. However, its accuracy is closely related to the accurate description of material constitutive equations. The constitutive equation of the material is a mathematical model describing the material forming information, which reflects the relationship between the flow stress and the degree of deformation, the deformation rate and the deformation temperature of the material. Therefore, obtaining the constitutive equation of the material experimentally is the primary problem to be solved by numerical simulation. In this paper, a mathematical model of the constitutive equation is proposed for rigid viscoplastic material. Based on the experiment, the concrete form of the constitutive equation of pure aluminum (L2) material is given