“因材施教”走过了它漫长而辉煌的历程,它随着社会的前进,教育的发展而不断深化,这一朴素而又深刻的教学原则之所以历久不衰,具有其科学性与可行性,这一教育思想渗透着古代朴素的唯物辩证法的思想,素质教育发展的今天,不仅要继承和发扬“因材施教”这一优秀教育思想,还应结合高职高专现代教育理念对这一教育思想进行新的诠释和发展,本文通过对孔子及孟子“因材施教”教育思想的回顾,结合高职高专教育教学方法的感想,谈谈儒家“因材施教”及对高职高专教育思想的启发。 “Teaching students according to their aptitudes ” has gone through its long and glorious course. It continues to deepen with the development of society and education. The simple and profound principle of teaching is enduring, scientific and feasible This educational thought infiltrates the ideas of ancient and naive materialistic dialectics. Today, the development of quality education not only needs to inherit and carry forward the outstanding teaching thought of “teaching students in accordance with their aptitude”, but also combines it with the modern educational concept of higher vocational colleges This paper through the Confucius and Mencius “teaching students according to their aptitude ” retrospect, combined with the impression of teaching methods of higher vocational colleges, talk about Confucian "teaching students according to their aptitude Enlightenment of Special Education Thought.