论文部分内容阅读
脂蛋白在人类动脉粥样硬化 (AS)形成及进展过程中起主要作用。脂蛋白是由脂质及载脂蛋白 (Apo)构成 ,载脂蛋白在脂蛋白的代谢过程中起关键作用。而载脂蛋白有多种类型如ApoA、ApoB、ApoC、ApoE等 ,有的又分几个亚型 ,不同类型的载脂蛋白及不同的亚型在脂质代谢中的作用不同。研究证实ApoE有三种异构体 ,即ApoE2 、ApoE3 、ApoE4 ,其差别在于一级结构不同 ,ApoE的主要机能是作为乳糜微粒 (CM )残粒受体和低密度脂蛋白 (LDL)受体的配体在脂质残粒的代谢中起重要作用。但不同的ApoE的异构体与LDL受体的结合能力不同 ,与野生型ApoE3 相比 (即以野生型ApoE为 10 0 % ,ApoE2 <2 %即几乎没有与LDL受体结合能力 ,而ApoE4 和LDL受体的亲和力与ApoE3 无明显差别。ApoE的多态性是由基因型不同所决定的 ,其E2 /2基因表型易发生Ⅲ型高脂血症 ,E4 等位基因与低密度脂蛋白呈正相关 ,E4 等位基因是冠心病的易患因素
Lipoproteins play a major role in the formation and progression of human atherosclerosis (AS). Lipoproteins are composed of lipids and apolipoproteins (Apo), and apolipoproteins play a key role in the metabolism of lipoproteins. There are many types of apolipoproteins such as ApoA, ApoB, ApoC, ApoE and so on, and some sub-sub-types, different types of apolipoproteins and different subtypes in lipid metabolism in different roles. Studies have confirmed that there are three isomers of ApoE ApoE2, ApoE3, ApoE4, the difference is the primary structure, the main function of ApoE as chylomicrons (CM) remnants and low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors Ligands play an important role in the metabolism of lipid remnants. However, different ApoE isoforms have different binding capacity to LDL receptors. Compared with wild-type ApoE3 (ie 10% for wild-type ApoE, <2% for ApoE2 <2, ie almost no binding to LDL receptors, ApoE4 And LDL receptor affinity and ApoE3 no significant difference.ApoE polymorphism is determined by the different genotypes, the E2 / 2 gene phenotype prone to type Ⅲ hyperlipidemia, E4 allele and low-density lipids Protein was positively correlated, E4 allele is a predisposing factor for coronary heart disease