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东汉至魏晋时期的鲜卑遗存主要分布于内蒙古东部和中部、辽西、冀北和晋北地区,其中虽然可能包含有与鲜卑文化面貌相似的、或已经加入鲜卑军事联盟中的其他北方民族的遗存,但是根据目前的研究水平,还没有达到能够区分上述“鲜卑遗存”中包含的不同部族遗存的高度。因此,目前将这些具有相似文化特征的考古遗存统称为鲜卑遗存,也是比较可行的办法。鲜卑遗存的年代主要依靠随葬的来自中原的或仿照中原文化器物的年代来判断,而没有随葬源自中原器物的,则依靠与其他相关遗存的对比分析来断代。因没有直接的断代依据,上述墓葬资料的发表者难免在断代方面产生偏差。同时,在长城地带,有少量本来早于鲜卑的其他民族的墓葬,也被误认为是鲜卑所遗留。本文即选择内蒙古和吉林境内八个与鲜卑相关的遗存,对其年代做进一步的分析(本文涉及的遗存分布状况见图一)。
The remains of Xianbei from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei and Jin Dynasties are mainly found in the eastern and central Inner Mongolia, western Liaoning, northern Hebei and northern Shanxi. Though they may contain the remains of other northern peoples similar in appearance to Xianbei culture or who have joined the Xianbei military alliance , But according to the current research level, the height of the different tribal relics contained in the above Xianbei Remains has not yet been reached. Therefore, at present, these archaeological remains of similar cultural identities collectively referred to as the remains of Xianbei are also feasible solutions. Xianbei remnants of the era mainly rely on the funeral from the Central Plains or according to the age of the Central Plains cultural artifacts to determine, but did not funeral from the Central Plains artifacts, relying on the comparison with other related relics to be broken. Because there is no direct basis for dating, the authors of the above-mentioned tombs will inevitably have deviations in the dynasties. At the same time, in the Great Wall, there are a few tombs of other ethnic groups that were earlier than Xianbei also mistakenly believed to be left by Xianbei. This article chooses eight relics related to Xianbei in Inner Mongolia and Jilin and further analyzes their age (the relic distribution involved in this article is shown in Figure 1).