关节液的检查能为关节疾患的鉴别诊断提供重要的线索,其检查方法并不复杂,除糖定量及细菌培养需送标本至化验室检查外,其他各项都可由临床医生自己进行。一、关节滑膜及关节液:滑膜是关节囊的内层,与关节囊之纤维层相连,表面滑润而有光泽,呈淡红色,它不覆盖关节的软骨面,故所谓关节滑膜腔并非完整的死腔。在显微镜下观察,滑膜内除有丰富的毛细血管外,还有淋巴管,纤维细胞,滑膜细胞及滑膜基质。滑膜细胞一般排列为1～3层,厚约20～40微米,无基底膜,故虽其数目众多,但并不形成连续不断的内皮。在电子显微镜下,滑膜细胞可从 Joint fluid examination can provide important clues for the differential diagnosis of joint diseases, the inspection method is not complicated, in addition to sugar quantitative and bacterial culture to be sent to the laboratory specimens, all other things can be carried out by the clinician himself. First, the synovial membrane and synovial fluid: the synovial membrane is the inner capsule, and joint capsule fibrous layer connected to the surface smooth and glossy, pale red, it does not cover the cartilage joints, the so-called joint synovial cavity Not a complete dead space. Observed under a microscope, in addition to a rich synovial capillaries, there are lymphatic vessels, fibroblasts, synovial cells and synovial matrix. Synovial cells are generally arranged in 1 to 3 layers, about 20 to 40 microns thick, no basement membrane, so although its large number, but does not form a continuous endothelium. Under electron microscopy, synovial cells are available