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目的:探讨湖北省长江流域、汉江流域及非沿江流域水质差异与不孕症的相关关系,了解水质差异对人类生殖健康的影响。方法:根据《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)对湖北省2004-2010年水质状况进行评价,再将湖北省长江流域、汉江流域及非沿江流域的生育年龄妇女的生殖健康状况进行对比,用统计学方法分析引起不孕症发生率不同的主要水环境因素。结果:①长江流域育龄妇女不孕症发生率为0.935%;汉江流域育龄妇女不孕症发生率为0.717%;而非沿江流域育龄妇女不孕症发生率为1.183%;非沿江流域育龄妇女不孕症发生率高于长江流域或汉江流域,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);②比较湖北省长江流域和汉江流域的水质资料,结果显示:长江流域或汉江流域水质自2004-2010年,水质类别达到Ⅲ类(适用饮水的最低水质标准)以上标准的面积波动在80%-90%,平均面积为85.72%;而非沿江流域水质类别达到Ⅲ类及以上标准的面积波动在44.3%-63.4%,平均面积为54.39%;③大面积水质类别达到Ⅲ类及以上的长江流域和汉江流域不孕症发生率显著低于大面积水质类别达到Ⅳ类(水质污染较严重)及以上标准的非沿江流域。结论:水质类别较差可能对我省育龄妇女生殖健康产生不利影响。
Objective: To explore the relationship between the water quality difference and infertility in the Yangtze River valley, the Hanjiang River valley and the non-river valley in Hubei Province, and to understand the impact of water quality differences on human reproductive health. Methods: According to “Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard” (GB3838-2002), the water quality of Hubei Province from 2004 to 2010 was evaluated. Then, the reproductive health status of women of childbearing age in the Yangtze River Valley, Hanjiang River and non-river basins in Hubei Province was compared , Using statistical methods to analyze the main water environmental factors that cause different incidence of infertility. Results: ①Infertility of women of childbearing age in the Yangtze River valley was 0.935%, infertility rate of women of childbearing age in Hanjiang River was 0.717%, while infertility rate of women of childbearing age in non-river basin was 1.183% (P <0.01); ②Comparison of water quality data of the Yangtze River and Hanjiang River in Hubei Province, the results showed that the water quality of the Yangtze River or Hanjiang River Basin from 2004 to 2010 , The area where the water quality category meets Grade Ⅲ (the minimum water quality standard for drinking water) fluctuates between 80% and 90% with an average area of 85.72%, while the area that does not meet Grade Ⅲ and above standards in the water quality category of the Yangtze River Basin fluctuates between 44.3% -63.4%, with an average area of 54.39%. ③ The incidence of infertility in the Yangtze River and Hanjiang River areas where the large-scale water quality reaches Grade Ⅲ and above is significantly lower than that of the large-scale water quality category Ⅳ (water pollution is more serious) and above Non-river basin. Conclusion: The poor water quality may adversely affect the reproductive health of women of childbearing age in our province.