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目的:探讨并分析2003~2012年沧州市新生儿出生缺陷情况。方法:从沧州市整群选取沿海、近海、内陆各3个县(市、区)2003~2012年256 420例新生儿进行出生缺陷调查,利用沧州市妇幼卫生信息监测网络,追踪胎儿及婴幼儿出生缺陷的发生情况,探索沧州地区出生缺陷危险因素。结果:2003~2012年沧州市9个调查县(市、区)发生出生缺陷2 301例,出生缺陷发生率为8.97‰。沿海地区共61 087例新生儿,发生先天性心脏病(CHD)317例,发生率为5.19‰;近海地区共83 277例新生儿,发生CHD 468例,发生率为5.62‰;内陆地区共112 056例新生儿,发生CHD 638例,发生率为5.70‰。沧州市CHD发生的影响因素包括高龄产妇、居住地有环境污染源、孕妇合并糖尿病、长期接触电脑、先兆流产保胎、早孕期接触X线、不良生育史等。结论:改善沧州市环境、加强生殖健康教育,开展孕妇健康咨询,加强婚前检查和孕期保健对预防新生儿出生缺陷具有重要作用。
Objective: To explore and analyze the birth defects of newborns in Cangzhou from 2003 to 2012. METHODS: A total of 256 420 newborns from 3 coastal counties (cities, districts) in Cangzhou City from 2003 to 2012 were selected to carry out a survey of birth defects. The MCH information monitoring network in Cangzhou was used to track fetus and infants The incidence of birth defects in children and to explore the risk factors of birth defects in Cangzhou. Results: From 2001 to 2012, there were 2 301 birth defects in 9 investigated counties (cities and districts) in Cangzhou City. The incidence of birth defects was 8.97 ‰. There were 61,087 newborns in the coastal area with 317 cases of congenital heart disease (CHD) occurring at a rate of 5.19 ‰. There were 83,277 newborns in the coastal area with 468 CHD cases, accounting for 5.62% of all inland areas 112 056 newborns, 638 cases of CHD occurred, the incidence was 5.70 ‰. Factors affecting CHD in Cangzhou City include elderly mothers, environmental sources of living, pregnant women with diabetes, long-term exposure to computers, threatened abortion miscarriage, early pregnancy exposure to X-ray and poor birth history. Conclusion: Improving the environment of Cangzhou City, strengthening reproductive health education, developing pregnant women’s health consultation, strengthening premarital examination and prenatal care have an important role in preventing birth defects in newborns.