:18 54年 ,英法美等国纷纷派遣公使到中国 ,并分别在上海、天津等地与中国官员就修约问题进行谈判。修约谈判是西方列强为进一步扩大侵华利益而提出的 ,然而 ,在整个谈判过程中 ,清政府却尽力试图将英、美等国的修约要求纳入中国传统的对外关系体制中 ,清政府与英美公使之间的谈判实质上是以两种完全不同的外交模式来处理同一事件 : In 1854, Britain, France and the United States dispatched their ambassadors to China one after another and negotiated with Chinese officials in Shanghai and Tianjin respectively on the revision of the treaty. However, throughout the entire negotiation process, the Qing government tried its best to try to include the request for amendment made by Britain and the United States in the traditional Chinese system of foreign relations. The Qing government Negotiations with Anglo-Saxon ambassadors essentially deal with the same incident in two completely different diplomatic modes