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本文借用哈丁公地问题讨论了不等资源下两个人的自由竞争、理性竞争及其合作竞争的情况。研究表明:自由竞争可以达到帕累托均衡,总收益不理想,双方收益也不高,是一种无理性竞争。在理性竞争下,可以达到一种理性均衡。理性均衡的解优于帕累托均衡的解。合作竞争达成契约的解优于理性均衡的解。本例证实了当经济系统形成结构时,可产生新的利益。
This article borrows the Hadding land issue to discuss the free competition, the rational competition and the cooperation and competition between two people under unequal resources. The research shows that the free competition can reach the Pareto equilibrium, the total return is not ideal and the returns of both parties are not high, which is a kind of irrational competition. Under the rational competition, a rational equilibrium can be reached. Solution of rational equilibrium is better than that of Pareto equilibrium. The solution to the contract of cooperation and competition is superior to that of rational equilibrium. This example demonstrates the new benefits that arise when economic systems form a structure.