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作为导弹被动制导雷达的天线系统不仅区别于通讯、卫星通讯及跟踪、警戒雷达天线,同时在技术性能上与弹上主动寻的雷达天线相比也有许多特殊要求。前者以效率和精度为其主要技术指标,而后者由于是以敌方一次雷达信号为跟踪源,其战术使用距离又较小。因而对整个天线系统的增益要求一般不高。而其大角度搜索小角度跟踪,频带宽,无付瓣截获,多极化工作,体积小,结构简单则成为其主要技术指标。本文在对被动制导天线的技术指标进行全面分析基础上比较了几种高效率馈源的特征。提出了两种在 X(或 K)波段满足上述要求的被动制导天线——方口经曲面角锥喇叭天线和方口径介质加载天线。说明其简要设计原则和结构形式。作为实例,本文给出两种具体尺寸的天线并给出了实测结果。
As the missile passive guided radar antenna system is not only different from the communications, satellite communications and tracking, alert radar antenna, while the technical performance of the active search on the projectile radar antenna also has many special requirements. The former with efficiency and accuracy as its main technical indicators, while the latter due to the enemy’s radar signal as a tracking source, the tactical use of the smaller and. As a result, the gain requirements for the entire antenna system are generally not high. Its wide-angle search of small-angle tracking, wide frequency band, no interception of multi-polarization, multi-polarization, small size and simple structure have become its main technical indicators. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the technical indicators of the passive guidance antenna, this paper compares the characteristics of several high-efficiency feeds. Two kinds of passive guidance antennas that meet the above requirements in the X (or K) band - square mouth pyramidal horn antenna and square-side dielectric loading antenna are proposed. Describe its summary design principles and structure. As an example, two specific antenna sizes are given and the results are given.