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城市化改变了城市地区和周边区域热力、动力以及水文气象过程,从而对地表与大气相互作用产生一系列复杂的影响。目前,我国正处于城镇化的快速发展阶段,城市地表特征及其气候效应研究对于建设生态宜居城市非常重要。从城市地表特征观测与分析研究、城市下垫面特征变化对天气气候的影响途径及机理以及城市陆面模式发展3个方面总结了近年来国内外城市地表特征数值模拟研究进展。指出了当前城市地表特征数值模拟研究存在的一些问题,并且提出了今后进一步研究发展的主要方向。
Urbanization has changed the processes of heat, power and hydro-meteorology in urban areas and surrounding areas, creating a complex series of complex interactions between surface and atmosphere. At present, our country is in the stage of rapid development of urbanization. The study of urban surface features and its climatic effects is very important for building livable and livable cities. This paper summarizes the research progress of numerical simulation of urban surface features at home and abroad in recent years from three aspects: the observation and analysis of urban surface features, the ways and mechanisms of changes in the characteristics of urban underlying surfaces and weather and the development of urban land surface patterns. Points out some problems existing in the numerical simulation of urban surface features at present, and puts forward the main directions for further research and development in the future.