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半导体及其性质梗概不久以前还只把所有物质按照电学性质分为两类:导体和绝缘体。典型的导体——金属——具有很大电导性;加在体积为1厘米~3的金属方块上的每伏特电压可以得到数十万安培的电流。而在同样条件下絕缘体(例加玻璃、陶瓷)则不超过数十万万分之一安培,后来发现存在有极大量的物质是介乎这两者之間的。这些物质就称为半导体。很多氧化物及某些金属合金,很多金属硫化物、石
Semiconductors and their properties Synopsis Only a short time ago, all substances were divided into two categories according to their electrical properties: conductors and insulators. A typical conductor, a metal, has a large electrical conductivity; hundreds of thousands of amps can be drawn per volt applied to a metal cube with a volume of 1 cm-3. Under the same conditions, insulators (such as glass and ceramics) do not exceed tens of thousands of amperes. Later, it was found that a very large amount of material existed between the two. These substances are called semiconductors. A lot of oxides and some metal alloys, a lot of metal sulfide, stone