新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(Respiratory distress syndrom, RDS)又名肺透明膜病,有别于成人型呼吸窘迫综合征,特指新生儿因肺泡表面活性物质缺乏,予生后12小时内出现呼吸困难并进行性加剧。本病多发于早产儿,病情一般较重,但属自限性疾病,轻症于发病3天后逐渐好转,重症可导致死亡。近年来,在预防和治疗上有很大进展,使RDS的病死率明显下降。识别高危因素早产:早产儿因肺未成熟,肺泡Ⅱ型细胞数量少 Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), also known as hyaline membrane disease, is different from adult respiratory distress syndrome, especially neonatal respiratory alveolar surfactant lack of 12 days after birth, breathing difficulties And progressive increase. The disease occurs in premature children, the condition is generally heavier, but self-limiting disease, mild disease gradually improved after 3 days of onset, severe illness can lead to death. In recent years, there has been great progress in prevention and treatment, which has led to a marked decline in the mortality rate of RDS. Identification of risk factors of premature delivery: premature infants due to immature lung, alveolar type II cells in small numbers