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本文从分析自然事物的潜能与现实、生成与毁灭入手,循序渐进地剖析了它们的三个自然原理(即质料、形式、缺乏)和四个原因(即质料因、形式因、成效因或者动力因、目的因),区分了原理、原因与元素;并且在辨析四个原因之间的关系基础上,进一步比较了谈论同类原因的五种不同方式;最后,根据同(单)义、异(多)义、类比三种谓述方式,阐明了自然原理之间的差异性和统一性。全文简洁地表达了阿奎那的亚里士多德主义自然哲学纲要。
This article starts from the analysis of the potential and reality of natural things, their formation and destruction, and analyzes their three natural principles (ie, material, form and lack) in a step-by-step fashion and four reasons (ie, material cause, form cause, effect or motivation , The purpose of the cause), the distinction between the principles, causes and elements; and in the analysis of the relationship between the four reasons on the basis of further comparison of five different ways of talking about the same reason; Finally, according to the same ) Yi, analogy three kinds of description of the way to clarify the differences between the natural principles and unity. The full text concisely expresses Aquinas’ Aristotelian philosophy of natural philosophy.