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目的了解宁波地区感染性腹泻患者中食源性病原菌与流行情况,为防控食源性疾病提供实验依据。方法检测采用直接与增菌分离相结合的方法;鉴定采用生化筛检、API鉴定条、VITEK 32或/VITEK 2鉴定分析系统等方法;分型采用血清分型和PFGE分型;药敏试验采用K-B法,耐药基因和毒力基因检测采用PCR法。结果从14 658份标本检出8类18种共5 767株食源性病原菌,检出率为39.34%,以副溶血性弧菌最高,与其他病原菌比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血清分型发现各病原菌均有优势株;PFGE副溶血性弧菌分出19个型,甲型副伤寒沙门菌分出12个型,伤寒沙门菌分出30个型。药敏显示,从多种病原菌中检出多重耐药菌,占检测菌株24.39%(630/2 583)。结论宁波地区感染性腹泻患者中由食源性病原菌引起的机率较高,且有普遍性。病原菌对多种抗生素敏感,可用于预防和治疗。
Objective To understand the prevalence and prevalence of food-borne pathogens in patients with infectious diarrhea in Ningbo and to provide experimental evidence for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases. Methods: The method of direct and enrichment separation was used for identification. The methods of biochemical screening, API identification, VITEK 32 or / VITEK 2 identification and analysis system were used to identify the samples. Serotyping and PFGE typing were used for typing. KB method, resistance gene and virulence gene detection using PCR method. Results A total of 5 767 food-borne pathogens were detected from 14 658 samples in 18 categories and the detection rate was 39.34%. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the highest, with significant difference compared with other pathogens (P <0.05) ; Serotyping found that all pathogenic bacteria have dominant strains; PFGE Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated 19 types, Salmonella paratyphi A 12 types, Salmonella typhi isolated 30 types. Susceptibility showed that multiple resistant strains were detected from many pathogens, accounting for 24.39% (630/2 583) of the tested strains. Conclusion The incidence of food-borne pathogens in patients with infectious diarrhea in Ningbo is higher and more common. Pathogenic bacteria sensitive to a variety of antibiotics, can be used for prevention and treatment.