一旦临床上出现肾静脉血栓形成,决定其临床表现和其后的肾功能主要是在于静脉闭塞快慢和静脉侧支循环发展的程度。由于病变程度不同,可以是急性完全性梗阻,也可以是慢性不完全性梗阻,因此,临床表现也不一样。这些病例分为两类(图1)。第一类的特征是肾静脉突然完全性血栓形成,产生剧烈的腰痛或腹痛和一侧或双侧肾脏肿大,随而出现蛋白尿,水肿和肾病综合征的其他临床表现。第二类的特 Once the clinical occurrence of renal vein thrombosis, determine its clinical manifestations and subsequent renal function mainly lies in the speed of venous occlusion and venous collateral circulation development. Due to the different degree of lesion, it can be acute complete obstruction, it can also be chronic incomplete obstruction, therefore, the clinical manifestations are not the same. These cases fall into two categories (Figure 1). The first category is characterized by a sudden complete thrombosis of the renal vein, resulting in severe back pain or abdominal pain and enlargement of one or both kidneys, leading to proteinuria, edema and other clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome. The second category of special