急性左心衰竭是内科常见急症之一，是老年人突发死亡原因之一。老年人急性左心衰竭多发生于各种原发性心血管疾病以及在多脏器损害的基础上，肺部感染、劳累等为常见诱因。由于原发病病程长，病情复杂，心肌耐氧能力差，血液粘稠度高，易导致电解质紊乱，酸碱失衡等。故一旦发 Acute left heart failure is one of the common medical emergencies and one of the causes of sudden death in the elderly. Acute left heart failure in the elderly occurred in a variety of primary cardiovascular disease and multiple organ damage, lung infection, fatigue and other common causes. Due to the long duration of the primary disease, the condition is complicated, myocardial oxygen tolerance is poor, high blood viscosity, easily lead to electrolyte imbalance, acid-base imbalance. So once sent