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研究了陕北黄土高原地区不同湿度条件下黄绵土在可见光及近红外波段反射光谱特征,拟合出各个波段土壤反射率与含水量的模式方程,确定了多光谱辐射仪诊断黄绵土水分状况的敏感波段。在实验室条件下,对黄绵土的光谱数据及含水量进行测定,并进行相关分析,结果表明,在可见光(380～760nm)及近红外(760～1080nm)部分,土壤含水量与光谱反射率达到极显著相关,模拟方程拟合度均在0.92以上;用自然条件下野外样点的黄绵土反射光谱及实测含水量对模拟方程进行验证,近红外波段的均方根误差在1之内。因此通过测定黄绵土光谱反射率来推算土壤的含水量是可行的,且以近红外部分较为敏感。本文还讨论了由地面反射光谱特征推算土壤含水量向利用卫星遥感数据反演土壤含水量过渡的可能性,进而对采用遥感影像实时监测陕北黄绵土分布区土壤水分状况的可行性作了一些探讨,以期为利用卫星遥感影像监测土壤水分状况提供科学依据。
The reflectance spectra of loessial soils in the visible and near-infrared bands under different humidity conditions in the Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi Province were studied. The model equations of soil reflectance and water content in each band were fitted, and the sensitivity bands of the multi-spectral radiometer to diagnose the loamy soil moisture were determined . Under laboratory conditions, the spectral data and water content of loessial soil were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the soil water content and spectral reflectance reached the visible (380 ~ 760nm) and near infrared (760 ~ 1080nm) The fitting degree of the simulation equation is above 0.92. The simulation equation is validated by the reflection spectrum of the loessial soil and the measured water content in the field samples under natural conditions. The root mean square error of the near infrared band is within 1. Therefore, it is feasible to calculate soil water content by measuring the spectral reflectance of loess soils, and it is more sensitive to the near infrared. In this paper, the possibility of estimating the soil water content from the surface reflectance spectral features to the inversion of soil water content by using satellite remote sensing data is discussed, and then the feasibility of using remote sensing images to monitor the soil moisture status of the loessial soil in North Shaanxi in real time is discussed , In order to provide a scientific basis for monitoring soil moisture status by using satellite remote sensing images.