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目的了解某纺织企业职工的健康状态,为纺织工人的健康管理和干预提供依据。方法对宜兴市某纺织厂212名职工进行膳食调查以及健康检查。结果调查对象膳食水果、鱼虾、蛋奶类摄入不足,油脂的摄入量过高,与参考摄入量相比较,膳食纤维、维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素以及钙的摄入不足,而钠摄入过量;维生素C、维生素E和铁的摄入量达到膳食推荐摄入量水平,但维生素C的摄入量还未达到预防非传染性病的建议推荐量(PI)200g/d。人群超重率为34.4%,肥胖率为9.9%,血糖异常率为3.8%,血压异常率为34.0%,血脂异常率为28.8%。其中高胆固醇血症发生率为7.1%,高甘油三酯血症发生率为13.2%,高低密度脂蛋白血症发生率为2.4%,低高密度脂蛋白血症发生率为14.2%,男性和女性比较,在血脂、血压异常率,高胆固醇血症、高甘油三脂血症以及低高密度脂蛋白血症发生率上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且都是男性高于女性。结论该纺织厂职工膳食结构不尽合理,超重肥胖、血脂异常、血压升高是主要健康问题,应加强对该人群的健康营养教育,定期进行健康检查,加强体育锻炼,改善膳食结构。
Objective To understand the health status of workers in a textile enterprise and provide the basis for the health management and intervention of textile workers. Methods A total of 212 workers in a textile mill in Yixing City were investigated for their diet and health examination. Results The intake of dietary fiber, vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin and calcium in the surveyed subjects such as dietary fruit, fish, shrimp, and eggs and milk was too low and the intake of fat was too high. Compared with the reference intake, Deficient, and excessive sodium intake; vitamin C, vitamin E and iron intake reached the recommended dietary intake level, but intake of vitamin C has not reached the recommendation to prevent non-communicable diseases Recommended dose (PI) 200g / d. The population overweight rate was 34.4%, the obesity rate was 9.9%, the rate of abnormal blood glucose was 3.8%, the rate of abnormal blood pressure was 34.0% and the rate of dyslipidemia was 28.8%. Among them, the incidence of hypercholesterolemia was 7.1%, the incidence of hypertriglyceridemia was 13.2%, the incidence of high-density and low-density lipoproteinemia was 2.4%, and the incidence of low-density lipoproteinemia was 14.2% Compared with women, there was significant difference in the incidence of dyslipidemia, abnormal blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low-density lipoproteinemia (P <0.05), and were higher in males than in females female. Conclusion The dietary structure of workers in this mill is not reasonable. Overweight and obesity, dyslipidemia and high blood pressure are the main health problems. Health and nutrition education should be strengthened for this population. Periodic health checks should be conducted to improve physical activity and improve dietary patterns.