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苗圃地下害虫常见的有地老虎、蝼蛄、金针虫和蛴螬(金龟子幼虫)。它们均生活在土壤中,以种子和苗木的根、嫩茎为食,造成苗圃缺苗断垄,影响苗木产量和质量。防治方法如下。一、农业防治 1、精耕细作。采取深耕细耙、轮作、适时中耕、除草等,可改变害虫适生环境,降低虫口密度,减少危害。 2、灌水。适时灌水,可迫使害虫转移,同时害虫受淹后,会浮出水面,便于捕杀。 3、合理施肥。不施未腐熟的厩肥,可减少蛴螬聚居,避免危害。二、人工防治 1、春季挖掘蝼蛄。三四月份当蝼蛄开始上升到地表形成新鲜隧道时,可用铁锨沿洞壁下挖,一直挖到45厘米左右,即可挖到蝼蛄。此外,六七月份蝼蛄产卵季节,人工挖卵也是消灭蝼蛄的有效措施。 2、利用马粪、灯光对蝼蛄进行诱杀,可减少害虫数量,降低危害程度。
Underground nursery nursery land tiger, emus, pinworm and emu (chafer larvae). They all live in the soil, with seeds and seedlings of roots, tender stems for food, resulting in nursery lack of seedlings broken ridge, affecting seedling yield and quality. Prevention methods are as follows. First, agricultural control 1, intensive work. Take deep plowing fine rake, crop rotation, timely cultivation, weeding, pests can change the habitat environment, reduce insect population density and reduce harm. 2, irrigation. Timely irrigation, can force the pest transfer, while the pest flooded, it will surfaced, easy to kill. 3, a reasonable fertilization. Do not apply not maturity of manure, can reduce the cohabitation, avoid harm. Second, artificial prevention 1, spring excavation 蝼 蛄. In March and April, when the cantaloupe begins to ascend to the surface to form a fresh tunnel, it can be dug along the cellar walls and dug until it reaches about 45 centimeters. In addition, the June and July suckling spawning season, artificial eggs are also effective measures to eliminate suckling. 2, the use of horse manure, light on the bait to trap, can reduce the number of pests, reduce the degree of harm.