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目的对浙江省德清县2014年报告的5例人感染H7N9禽流感病例进行流行特征分析,为进一步科学防控人禽流感提供依据。方法对确诊病例和病例的密切接触者进行个案调查,对病例的呼吸道标本进行人感染H7N9禽流感病毒核酸检测。结果德清县共确诊人感染H7N9禽流感病例5例,无死亡病例。重症病例主要表现为重症肺炎;分布在2个乡镇;年龄中位数为62岁(39~62岁);2/5的病例有慢性基础性疾病;5例病例发病与活禽交易市场暴露有关,所有病例的密切接触者均无流感样症状,未发现人传人的证据。结论早期发现和救治是提高患者预后的关键,对病例采取隔离治疗、密切接触者进行医学观察、疫点终末消毒、停止活禽交易等综合措施后,疫情得到有效控制。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of five cases of H7N9 bird flu reported in 2014 in Deqing County, Zhejiang Province, and provide the basis for further scientific prevention and control of human bird flu. Methods A case investigation was conducted on the close contacts of confirmed cases and cases and the nucleic acid detection of H7N9 bird flu virus was performed on the respiratory specimens of the cases. Results A total of 5 cases of H7N9 bird flu were confirmed in Deqing County without any deaths. Severe cases were mainly severe pneumonia; in 2 townships, the median age was 62 (39-62 years); 2 of 5 cases had chronic basic diseases; and 5 cases were related to exposure of live poultry market In all cases, close contacts had no flu-like symptoms and no evidence of human transmission was found. Conclusion Early detection and treatment are the keys to improve the prognosis of patients. The isolation and treatment of patients, close contacts of medical observation, the end of the epidemic disinfection, stop live poultry transactions and other comprehensive measures, the outbreak was effectively controlled.