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飞机以大于音速的速度飞行时,由飞机扰动产生的音波来不及向前方传播出去,在飞机的前面被压缩,形成激波。20世纪40年代末期,某些活塞式战斗机,在俯冲飞行时,飞机的局部表面上已经出现激波。出现激波时,飞行阻力剧增,并伴随着飞机拌振、低头和失控等反常现象。那时,人们觉得好象在一堵墙阻碍着飞机超过音速,并把它称为“音障”。
When the aircraft is flying at a speed greater than the speed of sound, the sound waves generated by the aircraft disturbance can not propagate forward and are compressed in front of the aircraft to form a shock wave. In the late 1940s, some Pistons flickered on submarine surfaces when they were on subduction flights. In the event of a shock wave, the flight resistance increases sharply and is accompanied by anomalies such as aircraft agitation, bow and loss of control. At that time, people felt as if blocking the plane beyond the speed of sound in a wall and calling it a “sound barrier.”