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目的调查无锡地区不良妊娠结局妇女弓形虫感染情况及弓形虫病相关知识知晓率。方法以2011年1月至2015年12月无锡市217例不良妊娠结局妇女作为研究对象(试验组),以250例正常妊娠妇女作为对照。采用ELISA法检测并比较试验组和对照组血清抗弓形虫抗体阳性率。采用自行设计的问卷对试验组和对照组妇女进行问卷调查,比较两组弓形虫病相关知识知晓率。结果试验组妇女血清抗弓形虫抗体阳性率为30.88%,显著高于正常妊娠妇女的8.80%(χ~2=36.70,P<0.01);抗弓形虫IgG和IgM抗体阳性率分别为20.74%和10.14%,显著高于对照组的6.00%和2.80%(χ~2=22.53和10.74,P均<0.01)。此外,以胎停、自然流产、早产和出生缺陷为妊娠结局的妇女血清抗弓形虫抗体阳性率及血清抗弓形虫Ig G和Ig M抗体阳性率均显著高于正常妊娠妇女(P均<0.05)。试验组妇女对“你听说过弓形虫或弓形虫病吗?”(P<0.01)、“你知道养宠物猫和犬会感染弓形虫吗?”(P<0.05)和“你知道孕期需要进行弓形虫感染检查吗?”(P<0.01)等3道问题的知晓率显著低于对照组,而两组妇女对“你知道吃火锅会感染弓形虫吗?”、“你知道家中砧板生熟不分可能会导致弓形虫感染吗?”、“你知道孕妇感染弓形虫会传给胎儿吗?”、“你知道孕期弓形虫感染会导致流产、死胎、胎儿畸形等不良妊娠结局吗?”和“你知道孕妇感染弓形虫需要治疗吗?”等问题的知晓率差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论无锡市地区不良妊娠妇女弓形虫感染率显著高于正常妊娠妇女。考虑到孕妇感染弓形虫的危害以及孕妇对弓形虫病相关知识知晓率较低的现状,应进一步加大弓形虫病相关知识宣传和健康教育力度,特别是对备孕妇女开展有针对性的弓形虫病健康教育,以降低孕妇弓形虫感染率、提高优生优育水平。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection and the related knowledge of toxoplasmosis in women with adverse pregnancy outcomes in Wuxi area. Methods A total of 217 pregnant women with unfavorable pregnancy outcomes from January 2011 to December 2015 in Wuxi City were enrolled in this study (experimental group), and 250 normal pregnant women were used as controls. The positive rate of anti-toxoplasma antibody in test group and control group was detected and compared by ELISA. A self-designed questionnaire was used to survey the women in the experimental group and the control group. The awareness rate of related knowledge between the two groups was compared. Results The positive rate of anti-toxoplasma antibody in test group was 30.88%, significantly higher than that in normal pregnant women (χ ~ 2 = 36.70, P <0.01). The positive rates of anti-toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies were 20.74% 10.14%, significantly higher than 6.00% and 2.80% of the control group (χ ~ 2 = 22.53 and 10.74, P <0.01). In addition, the positive rates of serum anti-toxoplasma antibodies and the serum anti-toxoplasma Ig G and IgM antibodies in women with gestational tails, spontaneous abortion, premature birth and birth defects were significantly higher than those in normal pregnant women (all P <0.05 ). Women in the test group were not aware of the Toxoplasma gondii or Toxoplasmosis “(P <0.01),” Do you know that cats and dogs are infected with Toxoplasma gondii? “(P <0.05) ”Do you know the need of Toxoplasma infection check during pregnancy?“ (P <0.01) and other three issues awareness was significantly lower than the control group, while the two groups of women on the ”Do you know eating hot pot will be infected with Toxoplasma? Do you know that pregnant women infected with Toxoplasma gondii will pass to the fetus? “,” You know that during pregnancy Toxoplasma infection can cause Abortion, stillbirth, fetal malformations and other adverse pregnancy outcomes? “And ” Do you know pregnant women infected with Toxoplasma gondii need treatment? "No awareness of such issues as statistically significant difference (P all> 0.05). Conclusion Toxoplasma gondii infection rates in adverse pregnant women in Wuxi are significantly higher than those in normal pregnant women. Taking into account the dangers of pregnant women infected with Toxoplasma gondii and pregnant women knowledge of Toxoplasma related knowledge is low, we should further increase knowledge of Toxoplasmosis publicity and health education efforts, especially for pregnant women to carry out targeted Toxoplasma gondii Health education, to reduce the infection rate of pregnant women Toxoplasma gondii, improve the level of prenatal and postnatal care.