风疹是由风疹病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病,通常是一种轻度的儿童疾病。然而,怀孕早期的感染可引起胎儿死亡,或先天性风疹综合症(CRS),其特征为多发性缺陷,特别是大脑、心脏、眼、耳。在获得性风疹感染还未被控制或消除的国家,CRS是引起听力、视力损害和精神发育迟缓的重要原因。 Rubella is an acute respiratory infection caused by the rubella virus and is usually a mild childhood disease. However, infection in early pregnancy can cause fetal death, or congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), which is characterized by multiple defects, particularly the brain, heart, eyes, ears. In countries where acquired rubella infection is not yet controlled or eliminated, CRS is an important cause of hearing loss, visual impairment, and mental retardation.