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目的查明安仁县2012年5月份发生的一起霍乱疫情规模、调查传染来源,以控制疫情蔓延。方法制定统一的病例定义,开展病例主动搜索,对就餐人员食用菜谱开展回顾性队列研究。结果共18人感染,其中有3例确诊病例,均参加了2012年4月29日一次农村家庭丧宴晚餐聚餐,未参加者未发病。对参加29日晚餐的373名就餐者开展回顾性队列研究,结果显示食用猪脚蒸鸡蛋为危险因素(RR=4.64,95%CI:1.08~19.9)。在食品加工过程中甲鱼宰杀后和煮熟去壳鸡蛋共用器具盛装,部分去壳鸡蛋未再经油炸和蒸煮即直接与猪脚一起上酒席,存有交叉污染可能。结论该起疫情为农村家庭丧宴中食品受O139霍乱弧菌污染所致,传染源为带菌的甲鱼,传播途径为甲鱼制作过程中污染了鸡蛋,经食用后引起发病。
Objective To ascertain the scale of a cholera epidemic in Anren County in May 2012 and investigate the source of the infection so as to control the spread of the epidemic. Methods A unified case definition was developed, case searches were actively conducted, and a retrospective cohort study was conducted on the recipes of eating staff. Results A total of 18 infections, of which 3 confirmed cases, all participated in a April 29, 2012 a rural family dinner party dinner, did not participate in the disease did not participate. A retrospective cohort study of 373 diners attending dinner on the 29th showed that piglet steamed eggs were risk factors (RR = 4.64, 95% CI: 1.08-19.9). In the process of food processing turtle slaughtered and cooked shell eggs shared equipment, part of the shell eggs without further frying and cooking directly with the pig’s feet on the banquet, there may be cross-contamination. Conclusion The outbreak was caused by the contamination of Vibrio cholerae O139 by the family feast in rural areas. The source of infection was the turtle carrying bacteria. The route of transmission was that eggs were contaminated during the production of the turtle, causing the disease after eating.