Objective:To study the anti-tumor activities of novel estrogen compound 17a α-D-homo-ethvnvlestradiol-3-acetate in vitro and in vivo. Methods:In vitro anti-tumor activity was assayed in adenoma cells A549 and human liver cancer cells Bel-7402 using MTT method,and half-inhibitory concentration (IC50)were observed. In vivo the pulmonary adenoma LA795 cells was selected and the conventional assay method of anti-tumor activity was employed.5,7.5,10 mg/kg of 17a α-D-homo-ethynylestradiol-3-acetate was administered by i.P., and tumor-inhibitory rate, thymus and spleen indexes,bone marrow cells(BMC)were observed. Results:IC50 of 17a α-D-homo-ethynylestradiol-3-acetate in vitro for A549 and Bel-7402 cells were 12.28 μg/ml and 17.79 μg/ml, respectively.In vivo the highest tumor-inhibitory rates for LA795 was 60.0%(P＜0.01).The drug had hardly any side-effect in spleen indexes,thymus indexes,and BMC compared with control mice. Nevertheless,compared with the positive control drug cyclophosphamide(CY),thymus and spleen indexes,BMC showed obvious diffefences(P＜0.01). Conclusion:17a α-D-homo-ethynylestradiol-3-acetate has obvious anti-tumor activities in vitro and in vivo with low side-effect, thus worth further investigation.