埃及自1990年以来,加快了经济体制改革的步伐。目的是把计划经济体制转变为市场经济体制。 一、共和国经济体制的演变 第一阶段(1952～1973年):建立以国营企业为龙头、国家计划干预为依托的经济发展模式。 1952年7月,以纳赛尔为首的”自由军官组织”推翻法鲁克王朝,成立共和国。针对埃及两极分化、社会财富严重分配不均等问题,为了巩固新生的革命政权,纳赛尔总统决定实行土地改革。1952年至1969年,农村实行了三次土地改革,规定 Since 1990, Egypt has accelerated the pace of economic structural reform. The purpose is to transform the planned economy into a market economy. First, the evolution of the republic’s economic system The first phase (1952 ~ 1973): the establishment of state-owned enterprises as a leader, state-based intervention in the economic development model. In July 1952, the “Free Officers Organization” headed by Nasser overthrows the Faruk dynasty and establishes a republic. In response to the polarization of Egypt and the serious unequal distribution of social wealth, in order to consolidate the nascent revolutionary regime, President Nasser decided to implement the land reform. From 1952 to 1969, three rural land reforms were introduced in the countryside