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非遗传毒性致癌性作为化合物/药物体内致癌的重要方式之一,其致癌作用机理广泛而复杂。DNA甲基化是一种重要的表观遗传修饰,参与了细胞周期、增殖、分化、凋亡以及胚胎发育等一系列生命过程,并在非遗传毒性致癌过程中起着重要的作用。非遗传毒性致癌物可以引起基因组整体甲基化水平降低,从而引起基因组不稳定或特定基因启动子Cp G岛高甲基化或低甲基化造成蛋白或信号通路异常,进而引起或影响细胞癌变。本文针对基因组总体甲基化以及特定基因甲基化的特点,综述了各自常用的检测方法,为非遗传毒性致癌物通过DNA甲基化引起致癌性机制研究以及甲基化检测方法提供参考。
Non-genotoxic carcinogenicity is one of the most important carcinogens of compounds / drugs in vivo, and its carcinogenic mechanism is extensive and complex. DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification involved in a series of life processes such as cell cycle, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and embryonic development, and plays an important role in non-genotoxic carcinogenesis. Non-genotoxic carcinogens can cause a reduction in the overall methylation level of the genome, leading to genomic instability or abnormal methylation or hypomethylation of the CpG island of a particular gene promoter, resulting in abnormal protein or signaling pathways, thereby causing or affecting cellular canceration. In this paper, the general methylation of genomic DNA and the methylation of specific genes are reviewed. The commonly used detection methods are reviewed. It provides a reference for non-genotoxic carcinogens through DNA methylation-induced carcinogenicity and methylation detection methods.