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目的探讨被动吸烟孕妇胎儿谷胱甘肽S转移酶M1(GSTM1)、谷胱苷肽硫转移酶T1(GSTT1)及细胞色素P450(CYP1A1)基因多态性对胎儿出生畸形的影响。方法 2009年1月至2014年12月选取在本院分娩、单胎活产出生畸形的新生儿85名为研究组,另选取同期在本院分娩的185例单胎活产正常新生儿为对照组,采用PCR技术检测两组新生儿GSTM1、GSTT1及CYP1A1基因型,运用多因素模型进行交换作用分析。结果研究组新生儿GSTM1、GSTT1基因缺失型及CYP1A1基因多态突变型频率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。通过多因素模型进行交换作用分析可知,母亲孕期被动吸烟分别与GSTM1、GSTT1基因缺失型及CYP1A1基因多态突变型有正相加模型交互作用。交互效应超额相对危险度(RERI)分别为9.85、8.12、3.26,效应指数(S)分别为1.98、1.79、1.65。结论 GSTM1、GSTT1基因缺失型及CYP1A1基因多态突变型与孕妇孕期被动吸烟存在相加模型交互作用,可能与胎儿先天发育异常的发生有密切关系。
Objective To investigate the effects of fetal GSTM1, GSTT1 and CYP1A1 polymorphisms on fetal birth deformity in passive smoking pregnant women. Methods From January 2009 to December 2014, 85 newborn infants born at our hospital with single-birth live birth deformities were selected as the study group. Another 185 normal single-born live birth normal newborns delivered in our hospital during the same period were selected as controls Group, PCR-based detection of neonatal GSTM1, GSTT1 and CYP1A1 genotypes of two groups, the use of multi-factor model for exchange analysis. Results The frequencies of GSTM1, GSTT1 deletion and CYP1A1 polymorphism in neonates were significantly higher in the study group than those in the control group (P <0.05). Through the interaction analysis of multivariate model, we can see that passive smoking during pregnancy in pregnant women interacted with positive additive model of GSTM1, GSTT1 deletion and CYP1A1 polymorphism respectively. The reciprocal effects of excess relative risk (RERI) were 9.85,8.12,3.26, the effect index (S) were 1.98,1.79,1.65. Conclusions GSTM1, GSTT1 gene deletion and CYP1A1 polymorphism may interact with passive smoking during pregnancy, which may be closely related to the occurrence of fetal congenital abnormalities.