肌肉痉挛俗称抽筋,是肌肉发生不自主的强直收缩所显示的一种现象,是体育锻炼中常见病和多发病。表现为痉挛肌肉僵硬,疼痛难忍,痉挛肌肉所涉及的关节伸屈功能有一定的障碍。这种病痛虽对人体没有较大的伤害,但却极大地妨碍了我们正常的运动锻炼,运动中最宜发生痉挛的肌肉为小腿腓肠肌,其次是足底前屈肌和屈趾肌。一、肌肉痉挛的原因1.寒冷刺激肌肉受到低温的影响,兴奋性会增高,易使肌肉发生强直收缩。因而寒冷的刺激,如游泳时受到冷水刺激,冬季户外锻炼时受到冷空气刺激,都可引起肌肉痉挛。2.电解质丢失过多运动中大量排汗,特别是长时间的剧烈运动或高温季节运动时,使电解质丢失过多。电解质与肌肉的兴奋性有关,丢失过多,肌肉的兴奋性增高,可发生肌肉痉挛。 Commonly known as muscle cramps cramp cramps, muscle involuntary contraction shown by a phenomenon that is common in physical exercise and frequently-occurring disease. Spasticity manifested as muscle stiffness, pain unbearable, spastic muscle involvement of flexion and extension joints have some obstacles. Although this kind of illness does not cause much harm to the human body, it greatly hinders our normal exercise. The muscle which is most suitable for spasticity during the exercise is calf gastrocnemius, followed by the plantar flexor and flexor. First, the causes of muscle spasms 1. Cold stimulation of the muscles affected by the low temperature, excitability will increase, easy to muscle rigidity contraction. Thus cold stimuli, such as swimming by cold water stimulation, winter outdoor exercise by the cold air stimulation, can cause muscle spasms. 2. Electrolytes lost too much exercise in a large number of perspiration, especially during prolonged strenuous exercise or high-temperature seasonal exercise, the electrolyte is lost too much. Electrolytes and muscle excitability, lost too much, increased excitability of the muscles, can occur muscle spasms.