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一、引言皮叶克尼斯(J.Bjerknes)在1966年的一篇文章中指出,1957年11月到1958年2月沿中太平洋和东太平洋赤道地区观测到巨大的海温正距平,这和在东北太平洋上空有异常强的中纬度西风相伴随。这一现象的解释是,从赤道海洋提供了异常巨大的热量给大气哈得莱环流的上升部分。使哈得莱环流得到加强,並向中纬度西风带输送比平均情况更多的角动量。
I. Introduction J. Bjerknes pointed out in a 1966 article that a large positive anomalous SST was observed from November 1957 to February 1958 along the equatorial areas of the Central Pacific and the Eastern Pacific And accompanied by an unusually strong mid-latitude westerly over the northeast Pacific Ocean. The explanation for this phenomenon is that the unusually large heat supplied from the equatorial ocean to the Hadad circulation in the atmosphere rises. The Hadley circulation is strengthened and more angular momentum is delivered to the mid-latitude westerlies than the average.