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为探明连续3年施用生物有机肥对黄壤烟田微生物生态特性的影响,本文采用田间定位试验,研究了不同培肥模式(常规处理、生物有机肥375kg/hm~2、生物有机肥750kg/hm~2、生物有机肥1 500kg/hm~2)对烟叶品质、土壤微生物数量及活性的影响.结果表明:相对于常规处理,连续3年施用生物有机肥的处理,中上等烟叶的比例都有一定程度的提高,均价、总产值和中上等烟叶的比例都有一定程度的提高,以生物有机肥750kg/hm~2处理的均价、中上等烟比例和总产值最高;相对于常规处理,生物有机肥750kg/hm~2和1 500kg/hm~2处理均明显提高了黄壤烟田土壤微生物生态特性参数(如微生物碳氮、土壤微生物熵及土壤微生物呼吸强度等),结合烤烟生产生物有机肥750kg/hm~2处理对黄壤烟田微生态改良为最佳选择.研究结果可为维持或提高黄壤烟田的生态功能提供理论依据和技术支撑.
In order to find out the effect of applying bio-organic fertilizer on the ecological characteristics of microorganisms in yellow soil tobacco field for three consecutive years, field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization modes (conventional treatment, bio-organic fertilizer 375kg / hm ~ 2, bio- hm ~ 2, and bioorganic fertilizer 1 500kg / hm ~ 2) on the quality of tobacco leaves, the quantity and activity of soil microorganism.The results showed that compared with the conventional treatment, the application of bioorganic fertilizer for three consecutive years, The average price, the total output value and the ratio of middle and upper tobacco leaves all increased to a certain extent. The average price of middle and upper tobacco treated by bio-organic fertilizer at 750kg / hm ~ 2 was the highest and the total output value was the highest. Compared with conventional treatment, bio-organic fertilizer at 750kg / hm ~ 2 and 1 500kg / hm ~ 2 significantly increased soil microbial ecological parameters (such as microbial carbon and nitrogen, soil microbial biomass entropy and soil microbial respiration, etc.) Combining flue-cured tobacco production with bio-organic fertilizer 750 kg / hm ~ 2 was the best choice for the improvement of micro-ecology in yellow soil tobacco field.The results could provide theoretical basis and technical support for maintaining or improving the ecological function of yellow soil tobacco field.