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[目的]通过社会评价深入了解结核病控制过程中存在的问题与障碍,剖析其影响因素,为改善结核病卫生服务公平性,提高病人发现率和治愈率提供依据。[方法]用定性和定量研究相结合的方法,在3个县进行调查。采用统一调查问卷,调查肺结核病人、可疑症状者、社区居民3种对象；采用专题小组讨论、个别访谈以及观察等定性调查方法。[结果]50%的对象不了解肺结核是否有传染性,近50%对结防机构和免费治疗项目缺乏了解,65%病人的结核病信息来自医生,近一半居民通过与别人聊天获得信息,大多数人通过电视获得有关信息。26．4%就诊延迟,59．9%确诊延迟。50% 以上的对象首选医疗机构为村卫生所。80%以上的病人能坚持服药。各县政府有一定承诺和支持,但力度不一。[结论] 结核病防治工作必须强化政府承诺；深入开展多种形式的健康教育,面向农村基层；加强乡、村卫生人员的培训,提高技术水平；关注经济困难病人,严格诊疗程序,减少不必要检查和辅助用药,减经病人经济负担。
[Objective] To understand the problems and obstacles existing in TB control through social assessment, analyze the influencing factors and provide evidences for improving the fairness of TB service and improving the detection rate and cure rate. [Method] With the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the investigation was conducted in 3 counties. A unified questionnaire was used to investigate three kinds of TB patients, suspicious symptoms and community residents. Qualitative survey methods such as panel discussions, individual interviews and observations were used. [Results] 50% of the subjects did not know whether TB was contagious, nearly 50% did not know about TB and free treatment programs, 65% of TB patients came from doctors and almost half of residents got information through chatting with other people. Most of them People get the information on television. 26.4% of visits were delayed and 59.9% of patients were diagnosed late. Over 50% of the preferred medical institutions for the village clinics. More than 80% of patients can adhere to medication. The county government has a certain commitment and support, but with varying degrees. [Conclusion] It is imperative to strengthen the government commitment to prevent and control tuberculosis. To carry out various forms of health education in depth and to provide guidance to rural grassroots units. To strengthen the training of rural and village health workers so as to improve their technical level. To pay attention to patients with economic difficulties, to strictly check procedures and to reduce unnecessary inspection And auxiliary medication, reduce the economic burden on the patient.