目的:探讨口服支链氨基酸（BCAA）对肝细胞癌（HCC）治疗后患者死亡率的影响。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网（CNKI）、万方及中国生物医学文献数据库，搜索关于口服BCAA对HCC患者死亡率影响的临床对照研究和随机对照试验，检索时限均自建库至2019年12月30日。由两名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料，一名研究者评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后，应用RevMan 5.3软件进行荟萃分析。结果:共纳入14个研究，1 179例患者。总体结果显示，HCC治疗后口服BCAA对1年死亡率无明显影响（n RR=0.85，95%n CI：0.68~1.06，n P=0.16），3年死亡率明显低于对照组（n RR=0.73，95%n CI：0.61~0.88，n P=0.000 7），5年死亡率也明显降低（n RR=0.57，95%n CI：0.34~0.96，n P=0.03）。亚组分析结果显示，对于射频消融（RFA）术患者，BCAA组与对照组相比，1年死亡率差异无统计学意义（n RR=0.96，95%n CI：0.14~6.5，n P=0.97），而3年死亡率明显降低（n RR=0.59，95%n CI：0.43~0.81，n P=0.001）；对于肝切除术患者，两组在1、3年死亡率方面差异均无统计学意义（n RR=0.90，95%n CI：0.44~1.88，n P=0.79；n RR=0.97，95%n CI：0.71~1.33，n P=0.85）。另外，对于白蛋白水平，在不考虑HCC治疗方式的情况下，补充BCAA可提高白蛋白水平（n SD=0.45，95n %CI：0.29~0.90；n P=0.000 1），但对肝切除术患者无明显影响（n SD=0，95n %CI：-0.41~0.41，n P=0.99）。n 结论:补充BCAA可能改善HCC患者肝脏储备功能及远期预后，该作用与手术方式有关，BCAA可降低RFA术后患者远期死亡率，但对肝切除术患者无明显影响。“,”Objective:To investigate the effect of oral administration of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) supplementation on the mortality of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after treatment.Methods:Computer searching of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database was conducted to search for clinical controlled trials and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of oral administration of BCAA on the mortality of patients with HCC. The retrieval time limit was from the time of the establishment of each database to December 30, 2019. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted the data. Another researcher assessed the risk of bias in the included studies and then used RevMan 5.3 software for meta-analysis.Results:A total of 14 studies were included with 1 179 patients. The overall results showed that oral administration of BCAA had no significant effect on the mortality of HCC patients at 1 year after treatment (n RR=0.85, 95%n CI:0.68-1.06, n P=0.16), while the mortalities of patients at 3 years (n RR=0.73, 95%n CI: 0.61-0.88, n P=0.000 7) and 5 years (n RR=0.57, 95%n CI:0.34-0.96, n P=0.03) after treatment were significantly lower than those of the control group. The subgroup analysis showed that for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) patients, there was no significant difference in 1-year mortality between the BCAA group and the control group (n RR=0.96, 95n %CI:0.14-6.5, n P=0.97), while 3-year mortality was significantly reduced (n RR=0.59, 95%n CI:0.43-0.81, n P=0.001); for hepatectomy patients, there was no significant differences in 1 -and 3-year mortality between the two groups (n RR=0.90, 95%n CI:0.44-1.88, n P=0.79; n RR=0.97, 95n %CI:0.71-1.33, n P=0.85, respectively). In addition, as for albumin levels, BCAA supplementation significantly increased albumin levels without considering the treatment of HCC (n SD=0.45, 95n %CI: 0.29-0.90; n P=0.000 1), but had no significant effect on hepatectomy patients (n SD=0, 95n %CI: -0.41-0.41, n P=0.99).n Conclusion:BCAA supplementation might improve liver reserve function and long-term prognosis of HCC patients, which was related to the surgical method. Supplementing BCAA reduced the long-term mortality of RFA patients, but had no significant effect on hepatectomy patients.