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为了提高元堡煤矿浅埋特厚煤层综放开采顶煤的回收率,以该矿1901综放工作面的开采条件为背景,采用理论分析和模拟试验,就顶煤厚度和放煤步距对顶煤冒放性的影响规律进行了研究。结果表明:随着顶煤厚度的增加,顶煤放出率呈现先增大后减小的趋势,而放出煤体中的含矸率和放矸率则呈现一直减小的趋势;随着放煤步距的增大顶煤放出率、含矸率、放矸率则都是呈现一直减小的趋势。由此确定出1901综放面3.5 m机采高度条件下的临界放煤厚度为10 m,最佳放煤方式为“一采一放”。
In order to improve the recovery rate of top coal in fully mechanized top coal caving mining in shallow super-thick and ultra-thick coal seam of Yuanbao Coal Mine, taking the mining conditions of No.1901 fully mechanized top caving mining face of the mine as the background, theoretical analysis and simulation test are carried out. The influence law of top coal caving is studied. The results show that with the increase of the thickness of top coal, the release rate of top coal first increases and then decreases, while the release rate and rejection rate of the released coal tend to decrease all the while; Increasing the pace of the top coal release rate, rockfill rate, rockfill rate are showing a trend has been decreasing. Therefore, the critical thickness of coal caving at a height of 3.5 m for 1901 fully mechanized top coal caving face is 10 m. The best coal caving method is “one mining and one mining”.