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1 旱作物的节水灌溉模式鸭河灌区黑土地约占效益面积的75%以上,黑土上浸地属黑色粘性土壤,土层薄,大致为0.3～1.0m,一般表土层以下有0.3m左右的心土,心土以下是不易透水的黄胶泥类礓石层,土壤团粒结构不良,表层土易板结龟裂,保墒能力差,土壤颗粒紧实,粘重缺少有机质,孔隙度和田间持水量大,干旱时,土坚实耕作不动,雨后地湿几天不能进地。为解决黑土地科学用水问题,我们先后和群众结合,进行了灌水技术和排水方法的试验工作。比较有效的旱作物沟灌和地下灌排。1.1 小教沟灌小教宽约3.0m左右,随作物种类而不同,一般在2～3m之间,灌水沟宽约0.3～0.5m,深约0.3m。教沟的布置:地面坡降小的田块(3‰～5‰)应沿坡降的方向布置教沟,地面坡降大的,应沿坡降垂直或斜向布置教沟。地教长的应在教
A water-saving irrigation mode of crop irrigation Duck Irrigation area accounts for about 75% of the area of benefit, black soil soaked in black sticky soil, thin soil, generally 0.3 ~ 1.0m, generally below the surface layer of 0.3m About the heart and soul, heart and soil following the impermeable yellow gypsum layer, poor soil aggregate structure, the surface layer of easy to crack, soil moisture tolerance, soil compaction, lack of organic matter, porosity and field holding Large amount of water, drought, the soil solid farming does not move, after a few days to wet rain can not enter. In order to solve the science problem of black earth science, we have combined with the masses successively to carry out the experiment of irrigation technology and drainage method. Drought irrigation more effective irrigation and underground irrigation row. 1.1 Small furrow irrigation teach small about 3.0m wide, with different types of crops, usually in the 2 ~ 3m between the irrigation ditch width of about 0.3 ~ 0.5m, depth of about 0.3m. Teach the layout of the layout: the ground slope of small plots (3 ‰ ~ 5 ‰) should be along the direction of the slope to teach the teaching groove, the ground slope down, should be vertical or oblique slope along the teaching groove. The dean should be taught