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目的：探讨性激素在子宫平滑肌瘤发病中的作用，为临床治疗平滑肌瘤提供理论基础。方法：应用免疫组化ＳＰ法检测分析了４６例子宫肌瘤、肌层、内膜组织雌激素受体（ＥＲ）、孕激素受体（ＰＲ）、增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）的含量。结果：子宫肌瘤组织中ＥＲ、ＰＲ、ＰＣＮＡ的含量显著高于正常肌组织，ＥＲ、ＰＲ明显低于内膜增生期（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论：子宫肌瘤的发生与雌、孕激素的水平及其受体的含量有关，ＰＣＮＡ可能与肿瘤的异常生长有关。
Objective: To investigate the role of sex hormones in the pathogenesis of uterine leiomyomas, and to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment of leiomyoma. Methods: The contents of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in 46 cases of uterine fibroids, myometrium and intima were detected by immunohistochemical SP method. Results: The contents of ER, PR and PCNA in uterine fibroids were significantly higher than those in normal muscular tissues. The ER and PR were significantly lower than those in intimal hyperplasia (P <0.05, P <0.001). Conclusion: The occurrence of uterine fibroids is related to the level of estrogen and progesterone and the content of its receptors. PCNA may be related to the abnormal growth of tumors.